«Діти – майбутні будівничі комунізму»: ідеологічна казуїстика шкільної освіти в Україні (1950-ті – 1991 рр.)
Ключові слова:
ідеологія, шкільна освіта, УРСР, ідейно-виховні заходи, «радянська людина»
Анотація
У статті аналізується роль шкільної освіти у вихованні «радянської людини» в Україні у другій половині XX ст. На матеріалах Галузевого державного архіву СБУ, центральних державних архівів, інтерв’ю автора простежено задуми та втілення ідеологізації навчання і виховання у школах УРСР. Досліджено бінарні конструкції освітньої моделі: «родина − школа», «централізація − формалізм», «постулати – нігілізм», «дружба народів – русифікація». У контексті ідеологізації шкільної освіти вивчено роль політехнізації навчання, вивчення гуманітарних дисциплін (історія, література), використання російської мови у викладанні. Акцентується довготривалий вплив освіти на амбівалентність та роздвоєння свідомості, виховання людини середніх здібностей, вихолощування національного субстрату, прищеплення «окозамилювання», практики обходити правила. Встановлено опозиційний потенціал освіти, що виявив себе у період «перебудови». Дістала підтвердження теза про те, що скільки б людина не переконувалась у хибності шкільних постулатів, вона усе життя рахувалася з ними.Завантаження
Дані завантаження ще не доступні.
Посилання
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14. Interv’ju Ju.O. Kahanova z A. Oleksijenkom [Interview with Anatolii Oleksienko by Yurii Kahanov]. 01.08.2017.
15. Interv’ju Ju.O. Kahanova z Gh.V. Semenovym. [Interview with Hennadii Semenov by Yurii Kahanov]. 09.08.2017.
16. Interv’ju Ju.O. Kahanova z Je.O. Ghajevym. [Interview with Evhenii Gaev by Yurii Kahanov]. 08.08.2017.
17. Interv’ju Ju.O. Kahanova z O.V. Gharanjem. [Interview with Oleksii Garan by Yurii Kahanov]. 20.08.2017.
18. Interv’ju Ju.O. Kahanova z S.I. Ghorbachovym. [Interview with Serhii Gorbachov by Yurii Kahanov]. 14.08.2017.
19. Interv’ju Ju.O. Kahanova z S.M. Calykom. [Interview with Stanislav Calyk by Yurii Kahanov]. 31.07.2017.
20. Kahanov, Ju.O. (2012). Radjansjkyj movnyj dyskurs: polityko-ideologhichni osoblyvosti ta protydija. [Soviet linguistic discourse: political and ideological peculiarities and opposition]. Naukovi praci istorychnogho fakuljtetu Zaporizjkogho nacionaljnogho universytetu – Scientific works of the historical faculty of Zaporizhzhya National University. Zaporizhzhja, XXXII, 267-272 [in Ukrainian].
21. Kelli, K. (2004). «Shkolnyi vals»: povsednevnaia zhizn sovetskoi shkoly v poslestalinskoe vremia [«School waltz»: everyday life of the Soviet school in the post-Stalin period]. Antropologicheskii forum – Anthropological forum, 1, 104-155. Retrieved from: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/shkolnyy-vals-povsednevnaya-zhizn-sovetskoy-shkoly-v-poslestalinskoe-vremya.pdf [in Russian].
22. Lifton, R.D. (2015). Tekhnologhija «promyvky mizkiv»: psykhologhija totalitaryzmu. [Technology of brainwashing. Psychology of totalitarianism]. Kharkiv, 416 [in Russian].
23. Makarenko, A.S. (2014). Pedaghoghycheskye raboty. 1936-1939. Pedaghoghycheskye sochynenyja v 8 tomakh [Works on Pedagogy. 1936-1939. Essays on Pedagogy in 8 Volumes]. Moscow, 4, 566 [in Russian].
24. Maslinskii, K. (2010). Konferentciia «Antropologiia sovetskoi shkoly: kulturnye universalii i provintcialnye praktiki» [Conference «Anthropology of the Soviet School: Cultural Universals and Provincial Practices»]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Seriia Istoriia – Bulletin of Perm University. History Series, 2, 448-456 [in Russian].
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26. Pro reformu zaghaljnoosvitnjoji i profesijnoji shkoly [On Reform of Secondary and Professional School] (1984). Kyiv, 110 [in Ukrainian].
27. Radjansjka shkola (1977), 5, 11 [in Ukrainian].
28. Sermjazhko, E.Y. (2013). Obshhestvenno-ghosudarstvennoe y semejnoe vospytanye: vozmozhnosty y perspektyvy (zametky) [Public-State and Family Upbringing: Opportunities and Perspectives (notes)]. Vesnik Maghilёўskagha dzjarzhaўnagha ўniversityta imja A.A. Kuljashova. Seryja C. Psikholagha-pedaghaghichnyja navuki: pedaghoghika, psikhaloghija, metodyka – Bulletin of the Mogilev State University named after AA Kuleshov. Series C. Psycho-pedagogical sciences: pedagogy, psychology, technique, 2, 5-18 [in Russian].
29. Sydnev, L.N. (1990). Dyalektyka vospytanyja. Problemy formyrovanyja novoj koncepcyy [Dialectics of Upbringing. Problems of New Framework Formation]. Kyiv, 134 [in Russian].
30. Stepanyshyn, B. (1990). Reforma osvity: za nacionaljne shkiljnyctvo [Educational Reform: For State Schooling]. Ukrajinsjka kuljtura – Ukrainian culture, 1, 1-3 [in Ukrainian].
31. Stepovyj, A. (1990). Sovitsjke shkiljnyctvo [Soviet Schooling]. Viter nadiji: Vydannja Ghorokhivsjkogho oseredku RUKhu ta UGhS – The Wind of Hope: Edition of the Gorokhovsky Center of the Rukh and UGS, 2, 4 [in Ukrainian].
32. Sulyma, Y.Y. & Fil’chenkova, E.M. (1997). Reforma shkoly 1958 ghoda: zamysel y rezuljtaty. Shkola sovetskogho obshhestva: opyt polytycheskoj ystoryy. Po materyalam Nyzheghorodskoj oblasty [1958 School Reform: Intentions and Results. School of Soviet Society: Experience of Political History. On Reports on Nizhniy Novgorod Oblast]. Nyzhnyj Novghorod, 132-143 [in Russian].
33. Kharkhordyn, O. (2016). Oblychatj y lycemerytj: ghenealoghyja rossyjskoj lychnosty [To reveal and to hypocrite. Genealogy of the Russian personality]. St. Petersburg, 508 [in Russian].
34. TcDAVO [Central State Archives of Supreme Bodies of Power and Government of Ukraine]. St. 166. D. 15, 8876 «Stenograma IV Vsesoiuznykh pedagogіchnikh chitan «Sovmestnaia rabota shkoly, semi i obshchestvennosti po kommunisticheskomu vospitaniiu detei i molodezhi». 26.03.1976, 190 [in Russian].
35. TcDAVO [Central State Archives of Supreme Bodies of Power and Government of Ukraine]. St. 166. D. 15, 8928 «Stenograma IV zїzdu uchitelіv Ukraїnskoї RSR». 29 bereznia 1977, 306 [in Ukrainian].
36. TcDAVO [Central State Archives of Supreme Bodies of Power and Government of Ukraine]. St. 166. D. 15, 9329 «Dovіdki pro rezultati perevіrki roboti vіddіlіv narodnoї osvіti, shkіl, doshkіlnikh zakladіv ta pro rozvitok narodnoї osvіti za 1987 rіk», 203 [in Ukrainian].
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Опубліковано
2018-03-11
Як цитувати
Kahanov, Y. (2018). «Діти – майбутні будівничі комунізму»: ідеологічна казуїстика шкільної освіти в Україні (1950-ті – 1991 рр.). Науково-теоретичний альманах Грані, 21(1), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.15421/17187
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